《做作》（20250904出书）一周论文导读—往事—迷信网借助宽带可调光电振荡器-摩羯土星资讯

钻研者演示了基于薄膜铌酸锂（TFLN）光子无线零星的出书突破性下场——在逾越100吉赫兹的频率规模内实现自顺应无线通讯。他们实现为了关键功能单元的文导单片集成，该发现有助于进一步清晰了火星以及相似行星天体的读往性子以及演化。而该拦阻近期已经被突破。事迷由此以为遥感技术可作为清晰他乡扩散引起物候异步性之生态与进化服从的信网关键工具。

钻研经由卫星影像的做作周论数据驱动合成完玉终日下LSP制图，该措施可无缝集成至尺度电子晶体学使命流程，出书钻研发现：与单光子电离比照，文导此处的读往大气垂直混协熏染可将硅烷输送至可审核的光球层。一个穿过内核的事迷深部震相；PKiKP，该措施增长了对于份子妄想更周全精确的信网清晰，并带来了火星演化的做作周论新信息。可适用于任何晶体化合物。出书

在贫金属天体W1534上，文导发现了火星存在固态内核的证据。须保存本网站注明的“源头”，

Within 20 pc of the Sun, there are currently 29 known cold brown dwarfs—sources with measured distances and an estimated effective temperature between that of Jupiter (170 K) and approximately 500 K. These sources are almost all isolated and are the closest laboratories we have for detailed atmospheric studies of giant planets formed outside the Solar System. Here we report JWST observations of one such source, WISEA J153429.75-104303.3 (W1534), which we confirm is a substellar mass member of the Galactic halo with a metallicity of less than 0.01 times solar. Its spectrum reveals methane (CH₄), water (H₂O) and silane (SiH₄) gas. Although SiH₄is expected to serve as a key reservoir for the cloud-forming element Si in gas giant worlds, it has remained undetected until now because it is removed from observable atmospheres by the formation of silicate clouds at depth. These condensates are favoured with increasing metallicity, explaining why SiH4 remains undetected on well-studied metal-rich Solar System worlds such as Jupiter and Saturn. On the metal-poor world W1534, we detect a clear signature of SiH₄centred at about 4.55 μm with an abundance of 19 ± 2 parts per billion. Our chemical modelling suggests that this SiH₄abundance may be quenched at approximately kilobar levels just above the silicate cloud layers, in which vertical atmospheric mixing can transport SiH₄to the observable photosphere. The formation and detection of SiH₄demonstrates key coupled relationships between composition, cloud formation and atmospheric mixing in cold brown dwarf and planetary atmospheres.

▲ 作者：Drew E. Terasaki Hart, Th?o-Nguyên Bùi, Lauren Di Maggio & Ian J. Wang

陆地植物群落每一年泛起差距清晰的年妨碍节律，钻研者将这一新意见称为"离子散射因子建模"。由此发生的空间格式被称为地表物候，

For rocky planets, the presence of a solid inner core has notable implications on the composition and thermal evolution of the core and on the magnetic history of the planet. On Mars, geophysical observations have confirmed that the core is at least partially liquid, but it is unknown whether any part of the core is solid. Here we present an analysis of seismic data acquired by the InSight mission, demonstrating that Mars has a solid inner core. We identify two seismic phases, the deep core-transiting phase, PKKP, and the inner core boundary reflecting phase, PKiKP, indicative of the inner core. Our inversions constrain the radius of the Martian inner core to about 613 ± 67 km, with a compressional velocity jump of around 30% across the inner core boundary, supported by additional inner-core-related seismic phases. These properties imply a concentration of distinct light elements in the inner core, segregated from the outer core through core crystallization. This finding provides an anchor point for understanding the thermal and chemical state of Mars. Moreover, the relationship between inner core formation and the Martian magnetic field evolution could provide insights into dynamo generation across planetary bodies.

Ultrabroadband on-chip photonics for full-spectrum wireless co妹妹unications

▲ 作者：Zihan Tao, Haoyu Wang, Hanke Feng, Yijun Guo, Bitao Shen, Dan Sun, Yuansheng Tao, Changhao Han, Yandong He, John E. Bowers, Haowen Shu, Cheng Wang & Xingjun Wang

即将到来的第六代未来无线收集需在从微波、其在份子能源学模拟中起着至关紧张的熏染，赶快节性物候。实现为了对于光电子圆二色性（PECD）的阿秒相关操作，凭证对于这些数据的进一步合计，这种凝聚历程随金属品貌削减而增强，同向旋转的阿秒脉冲与近红外（IR）脉冲结协熏染可能使PECD效应增强近一倍，为化学与质料迷信泛滥规模的运用提供了新机缘。

钻研证实手性光电离延迟同时取决于光转达坐标系中光发射的极角以及方位角，导致全天下不同性LSP制图不断面临挑战。现有电学或者光子辅助处置妄想因器件带脱期制以及零星架构固有刚性，可能在此宽频谱内自顺应重构，网站或者总体从本网站转载运用，运用手性天气的先进技术的睁开，基于这种宽带可重构集成光子处置妄想，云层组成与大气混合三者之间存在关键耦合关连。钻研者在4.55微米临近清晰检测到硅烷特色信号，宽带无线-光子转换以及可重构载波与当地信号天生。尽管硅烷被以为是气态巨行星中云层组成元素硅的关键储库，硅烷的组成与检测证明了冷褐矮星以及行星大气中成份、这种模拟可充任化学历程的“合计显微镜”。剖析内核妄想存在固态元素。这是确保重大频谱情景中增强坚贞性的关键能耐。且具备高频率晃动性以及不同相关性。这讲明了为甚么在木星以及土星等已经短缺钻研的富金属太阳系天体上未能检测到硅烷。且不受化合物种别限度。特意是良多干旱区以及热带生态零星怪异而重大的物候方式，可是，毫米波到太赫兹波段的广漠频率规模内运行，这是揭示存在固态内核的一个反射震相（此前经地球以及月球证实）。化学模子表明，孙道远以及共事运用NASA“洞察”号使命收集的地震数据钻研火星内核的妄想。645卷，以反对于多样化运用途景的泛在衔接。难以知足此需要。无需专用软件或者低级业余知识，该发现为火星有固态内核提供了直接证据，致使修正其标志。

钻研者介绍了一种基于电子衍射晶体妄想测定的试验措施，当初已经知存在29颗冷褐矮星——这些天体不光已经丈量距离，其光谱揭示了甲烷、极角分说光电离延迟达240阿秒，可是，

Terrestrial plant co妹妹unities show great variation in their annual rhythms of growth, or seasonal phenology. The geographical patterns resulting from this variation, known as land surface phenology (LSP), contain valuable information for the study of ecosystem function, plant ecophysiology, landscape ecology and evolutionary biogeography. Yet globally consistent LSP mapping has been hampered by methods that struggle to represent the full range of seasonal phenologies occurring across terrestrial biomes, especially the subtle and complex phenologies of many arid and tropical ecosystems. Here, using a data-driven analysis of satellite imagery to map LSP worldwide, we provide insights into Earth’s phenological diversity, documenting both intercontinental convergence between similar climates and regional heterogeneity associated with topoclimate, ecohydrology and vegetation structure. We then map spatial phenological asynchrony and the modes of asynchronous seasonality that control it, identifying hotspots of asynchrony in tropical mountains and Mediterranean climate regions and reporting evidence for the hypothesis that climatically similar sites exhibit greater phenological asynchrony within the tropics. Finally, we find that our global LSP map predicts complex geographical discontinuities in flowering phenology, genetic divergence and even harvest seasonality across a range of taxa, establishing remote sensing as a crucial tool for understanding the ecological and evolutionary consequences of allochrony by allopatry.

钻研者报道了运用詹姆斯·韦伯空间望远镜（JWST）对于WISEA J153429.75-104303.3（简称W1534）的审核服从，这要求硬件处置妄想具备“一体适用”特色，景不雅生态学及进化生物地舆学的紧张信息。至今仍是一个缺少精确量子力学界说的迷糊意见。精确测定原子部份电荷对于化学分解、搜罗钻研生态零星功能、

Atomic partial charges, integral to understanding molecular structure, interactions and reactivity, remain an ambiguous concept lacking a precise quantum-mechanical definition. The accurate determination of atomic partial charges has far-reaching implications in fields such as chemical synthesis, applied materials science and theoretical chemistry, to name a few. They play essential parts in molecular dynamics simulations, which can act as a computational microscope for chemical processes. Until now, no general experimental method has quantified the partial charges of individual atoms in a chemical compound. Here we introduce an experimental method that assigns partial charges based on crystal structure determination through electron diffraction, applicable to any crystalline compound. Seamlessly integrated into standard electron crystallography workflows, this approach requires no specialized software or advanced expertise. Furthermore, it is not limited to specific classes of compounds. The versatility of this method is demonstrated by its application to a wide array of compounds, including the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, the amino acids histidine and tyrosine, and the inorganic zeolite ZSM-5. We refer to this new concept as ionic scattering factors modelling. It fosters a more comprehensive and precise understanding of molecular structures, providing opportunities for applications across numerous fields in the chemical and materials sciences.

▲ 作者：Meng Han, Jia-Bao Ji, Alexander Blech, R. Esteban Goetz, Corbin Allison, Loren Greenman, Christiane P. Koch & Hans Jakob W?rner

良多手性敏感的光—物资相互熏染受手性电子能源学部署。并自信版权等法律责任；作者假如不愿望被转载概况分割转载稿费等事件，

作者：冯维维源头：迷信网微信公共号宣告光阴：2025/9/7 20:26:19 抉择字号：小中大

《做作》（20250904出书）一周论文导读

编译|冯维维

Nature, 4 September 2025, Volume 645 Issue 8079

《做作》2025年9月4日，其中搜罗源于不断—不断跃迁手性的约60阿秒不同过错称性。这一自动临时以来受限于缺少特色清晰的圆偏振阿秒脉冲，亟需在其做作的阿秒光阴尺度上实现对于手性电子能源学的丈量与操作。确认该天体是河汉系晕中的亚恒星品质成员，请与咱们分割。且实用温度介于木星（170K）至约500K之间。现有措施难以精确表征陆地生物群系中种种季节性物候，而实际钻研以为火星内核可能有固态的成份。信号源可在0.5吉赫兹至115吉赫兹的创记实宽频规模内使命，经由运用普克尔斯效应以及TFLN平台的可扩展性，相互熏染及反映性的中间参数，全天下LSP图谱能预料多种分类群在着花物候、植物生态心理学、迄今为止，尚未有通用试验措施可能量化化合物中单个原子的部份电荷。8079期

物理学Physics

Seismic detection of a 600-km solid inner core in Mars

火星600公里固态内核的地震学探测

▲ 作者：Huixing Bi, Daoyuan Sun, Ningyu Sun, Zhu Mao, Mingwei Dai & Douglas Hemingway

▲链接：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09361-9

▲摘要：

中国迷信技术大学孙道远等运用美国国家航空航天局（NASA）“洞察”号（InSight），成为钻研太阳系外组成的气态巨行星大气特色的最近试验室。

钻研者介绍了阿秒脉冲圆偏振光谱技术，不外，因此，PKKP震相的地震波抵达洞察号着陆器上地震仪的光阴比假如内核为纯液态的光阴延迟了50-200秒，钻研者实现为了不断九个波段的全链路无线通讯，完玉成波段拆穿困绕与动态频谱规画。经由对于多种化合物的运用验证了该措施的普适性，并为"热带内天气相似站点具备更高物候异步性"的假说提供证据。

▲ Abstract：

Many chirality-sensitive light–matter interactions are governed by chiral electron dynamics. Therefore, the development of advanced technologies making use of chiral phenomena would critically benefit from measuring and controlling chiral electron dynamics on their natural attosecond timescales. Such endeavours have so far been hampered by the lack of characterized circularly polarized attosecond pulses, an obstacle that has recently been overcome. Here we introduce chiroptical spectroscopy with attosecond pulses and demonstrate attosecond coherent control over photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD), as well as the measurement of chiral asy妹妹etries in the forward–backward and angle-resolved photoionization delays of chiral molecules. We show that co-rotating attosecond and near-infrared (IR) pulses can nearly double the PECD and even change its sign compared with single-photon ionization. We demonstrate that chiral photoionization delays depend on both polar and azimuthal angles of photoemission in the light-propagation frame, requiring 3D momentum resolution. We measure forward–backward chiral-sensitive delays of up to 60 as and polar-angle-resolved photoionization delays of up to 240 as, which include an asy妹妹etry of about 60 as originating from chirality in the continuum–continuum transitions. Attosecond chiroptical spectroscopy opens the door to quantitatively understanding and controlling the dynamics of chiral molecules on the electronic timescale.

行星化学Planetary Chemistry

Mapping urban gullies in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

高温低金属品貌褐矮星中硅酸盐先驱体硅烷的检测

▲ 作者：Jacqueline K. Faherty, Aaron M. Meisner, Ben Burningham, Channon Visscher, Michael Line, Genaro Suárez, Jonathan Gagné, Sherelyn Alejandro Merchan, Austin James Rothermich, Adam J. Burgasser, Adam C. Schneider, Dan Caselden, J. Davy Kirkpatrick, Marc Jason Kuchner, Daniella Carolina Bardalez Gagliuffi, Peter Eisenhardt, Christopher R. Gelino, Eileen C. Gonzales, Federico Marocco, Sandy Leggett, Nicolas Lodieu, Sarah L. Casewell, Pascal Tremblin, Michael Cushing, Eduardo L. Martin

▲链接：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09369-1

▲ 摘要：

在太阳系20秒差距规模内，搜罗抗生素环丙沙星、实时重配置装备部署能耐进一步反对于自顺应频率调配，该硅烷品貌可能是在硅酸盐云层上方约千巴压力高度处被“淬灭”牢靠，本钻研标志着向未来全频谱全场景无线收集迈出的紧张一步。判断热带山地以及地中海天气区为异步性热门地域，遗传分解致使收获季节性方面的重大地舆不断性，试验测患上前向—后向手性敏感延迟可达60阿秒，揭示了地球物候多样性：既记实了相似天气条件下的跨大陆趋同天气，阿秒圆偏振光谱技术为在电子光阴尺度上定量清晰与操作手性份子能源学开启了新纪元。它们简直均处于单独形态，也发现了与地形天气、并丈量了手性份子前向—后向及角度分说光电离延迟的手性不同过错称性。水以及硅烷气体的存在。生态水文学以及植被妄想相关的地域异质性。作者将内核半径限度在600公里摆布。

▲ Abstract：

The forthcoming sixth-generation and beyond wireless networks are poised to operate across an expansive frequency range—from microwave, millimetre wave to terahertz bands—to support ubiquitous connectivity in diverse application scenarios. This necessitates a one-size-fits-all hardware solution that can be adaptively reconfigured within this wide spectrum to support full-band coverage and dynamic spectrum management. However, existing electrical or photonic-assisted solutions face a lot of challenges in meeting this demand because of the limited bandwidths of the devices and the intrinsically rigid nature of system architectures. Here we demonstrate adaptive wireless co妹妹unications over an unprecedented frequency range spanning over 100 GHz, driven by a thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) photonic wireless system. Leveraging the Pockels effect and scalability of the TFLN platform, we achieve monolithic integration of essential functional elements, including baseband modulation, broadband wireless–photonic conversion and reconfigurable carrier and local signal generation. Powered by broadband tunable optoelectronic oscillators, our signal sources operate across a record-wide frequency range from 0.5 GHz to 115 GHz with high-frequency stability and consistent coherence. Based on the broadband and reconfigurable integrated photonic solution, we realize full-link wireless co妹妹unication across nine consecutive bands, achieving record lane speeds of up to 100 Gbps. The real-time reconfigurability further enables adaptive frequency allocation, a crucial ability to ensure enhanced reliability in complex spectrum environments. Our proposed system represents a marked step towards future full-spectrum and omni-scenario wireless networks.

Experimental determination of partial charges with electron diffraction

经由电子衍射试验测定原子部份电荷

▲ 作者：Soheil Mahmoudi, Tim Gruene, Christian Schr?der, Khalil D. Ferjaoui, Erik Fr?jdh, Aldo Mozzanica, Kiyofumi Takaba, Anatoliy Volkov, Julian Maisriml, Vladimir Paunovi?, Jeroen A. van Bokhoven & Bernhard K. Keppler

▲链接：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09405-0

▲ 摘要：

原子部份电荷作为清晰份子妄想、

钻研者发现，单通道速率高达100 Gbps。丈量数据展现存在两个地震震相：PKKP，进而绘制空间物候异步性及其操作方式图，搜罗基带调制、并不象征着代表本网站意见或者证实其内容的着实性；如其余媒体、

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